Watson and Crick discovered the first DNA molecule and the double helix many decades ago. In 1990 the Human Genome Project began, a large, world-wide project to sequence the human genome. After only 13 short years, the project was completed in 2003. The entire human DNA code had been deciphered. Now, the field of genetics, biotechnology, and DNA is developing at a drastic pace!
Watson and Crick had only dreamed of what could become of the DNA molecule. In today's world, we are decoding DNA faster that we can analyze it. This bottleneck is a growing problem in biotechnology. The cost of sequencing a genome, and the speed of sequencing it as well, has decreased incredibly over the past few years. The human genome is comprised of 3 billion bases of DNA in a set of chromosomes. In July 2007, it cost $8.9 million to have your genome sequenced. Last July this number was $10,500, a decrease by a factor of more than 800 in a short span of only four years! The problem is, the analyzing speed has decreased by a factor of four in that same time. The decrease in cost has lead to an inundation of DNA sequencing jobs, but no increase in the analysis of those.
It is important to sequence and analyze various human genomes because these genes and sequence of DNA can help us determine the causes of diseases and tell if they are genetic. One of the most promising possibilities of analyzing DNA is to determine the causes of cancer. However, this massive amount of decoded genome has created large amounts of genome data to store. The problem is, we are also short on space to store that data. Before, scientists would store as much data on a genome as possible in case more dtailed analyzing methods were developed later. Then, the genomes could be reanalyzed with the more sophisticated technology. But, if we run out of room, scientists can only save the bare minimums of new genomes, and possibly have to purge the old genomes. Leaving us without evidence that could be extremely crucial later once more sophisticated technology is developed.
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